Anti-SMAD4 antibody (400-450) {Biotin}

Clonality:	Polyclonal
Conjugation:	Biotin
Isotype:	IgG
Purification:	Affinity Purified
Concentration:	0.6 µg/µl
Dilution Range:	WB: 1:500 DB: 1:10, 000 ELISA: 1:10, 000 IP: 1:200 IHC: 1:50-1:150
Storage Instruction:	Store at-20°C for long term storage. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Gene Symbol:	SMAD4
Gene ID:	4089
Uniprot ID:	SMAD4_HUMAN
Immunogen Region:	400-450
Specificity:	Will not label the human short form of SMAD4 protein. Will only label long form SMAD4 protein.
Immunogen:	Synthetic peptide taken within amino acid region 400-450 on human SMAD4 protein.

Post Translational Modifications	Phosphorylated by PDPK1. Monoubiquitinated on Lys-519 by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33. Monoubiquitination hampers its ability to form a stable complex with activated SMAD2/3 resulting in inhibition of TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade. Deubiquitination by USP9X restores its competence to mediate TGF-beta signaling.
Function	In muscle physiology, plays a central role in the balance between atrophy and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Acts synergistically with SMAD1 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) (5'-GTCT/AGAC-3') within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions. Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling. Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site.required for synergistic transcriptional activity in response to TGF-beta. May act as a tumor suppressor. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator.
Protein Name	Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4 Mad Homolog 4 Mothers Against Dpp Homolog 4 Deletion Target In Pancreatic Carcinoma 4 Smad Family Member 4 Smad 4 Smad4 Hsmad4
Database Links	Reactome: R-HSA-1181150 Reactome: R-HSA-1502540 Reactome: R-HSA-201451 Reactome: R-HSA-2173789 Reactome: R-HSA-2173795 Reactome: R-HSA-2173796 Reactome: R-HSA-3311021 Reactome: R-HSA-3315487 Reactome: R-HSA-452723 Reactome: R-HSA-5689880 Reactome: R-HSA-8941326 Reactome: R-HSA-8941855 Reactome: R-HSA-8952158 Reactome: R-HSA-9615017 Reactome: R-HSA-9617828 Reactome: R-HSA-9733709 Reactome: R-HSA-9735871 Reactome: R-HSA-9754189 Reactome: R-HSA-9823730
Cellular Localisation	Cytoplasm Nucleus Cytoplasmic In The Absence Of Ligand Migrates To The Nucleus When Complexed With R-Smad Pdpk1 Prevents Its Nuclear Translocation In Response To Tgf-Beta
Alternative Antibody Names	Anti-Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4 antibody Anti-Mad Homolog 4 antibody Anti-Mothers Against Dpp Homolog 4 antibody Anti-Deletion Target In Pancreatic Carcinoma 4 antibody Anti-Smad Family Member 4 antibody Anti-Smad 4 antibody Anti-Smad4 antibody Anti-Hsmad4 antibody Anti-SMAD4 antibody Anti-DPC4 antibody Anti-MADH4 antibody

Information sourced from Uniprot.org

12 months for antibodies. 6 months for ELISA Kits. Please see website T&Cs for further guidance